An increasing number of infants are born with drug and alcohol addiction and withdrawal symptoms, according to a study by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Treatment for babies in withdrawal might cause more addiction problems. Here are details about fetal addiction and postpartum withdrawal.
* According to the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 4.4 percent of pregnant women ages 15 to 44 were using illicit drugs. Pregnant girls ages 15 to 17 had the highest drug usage (16.4 percent) and 7.4 percent of pregnant women ages 18 to 25 used illicit drugs. 10.8 percent of pregnant women ages 15 to 44 reported they regularly used alcohol.
* The Pediatrics study looked at different drugs delivered to babies in utero. Of the illicit drugs used, marijuana was found to be the most common. Prescription drugs, particularly opoid pain relievers, were another common form of drug abuse.
* According to Health Day, the Pediatrics study found that in some neonatal wards, as many as 25 percent of babies were being treated for withdrawal symptoms from inter-uterine drug exposure. Hospitals used newborn first stool and urine samples to look for the presence drugs or alcohol.
* Infants born to mothers who used alcohol or barbiturates showed various health issues such as irritability, shrill crying, vomiting, diarrhea, hyperactivity, poor sucking, tremors, seizures, restlessness, sleep issues, hypothermia and breathing problems.
* The study looked at infants born to mothers who used caffeine; these babies were shaky, had breathing and heart problems and vomited. Babies whose mothers used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants had similar withdrawal symptoms along with difficulty feeding and hypoglycemia.
* Infants whose mothers used marijuana during pregnancy did not show withdrawal symptoms, but maternal usage might affect the child's brain and behavioral development.
* Some effects of drug use don't show up immediately, but withdrawal symptoms might last as long as nine months. Alcohol addiction withdrawal might last 18 months.
Marilisa Kinney Sachteleben writes about parenting from 23 years raising four children and 25 years teaching K-8, special needs, adult education and home-school.
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